The process of charging and discharging a lead-acid battery is an electrochemical reaction process.When charging,lead sulfate forms lead oxide,and when discharged,lead oxide is reduced to lead sulfate.Lead sulphate is a substance that is very easy to crystallize.When the concentration of lead sulphate in the electrolytic solution in the battery is too high or the static idle time is too long,it will "carry" into a group and form small crystals.These small crystals will attract the surrounding area.The lead sulfate,like a snowball,forms a large inert crystal.When the lead sulfate is crystallized,it can not be reduced to lead oxide, but also precipitates on the electrode plate,causing the working area of the electrode plate to decrease.This phenomenon is called Vulcanization is also an old saying.At this time,the battery capacity will gradually decrease until it is unusable.When lead sulfate is piled up in large quantities,it will also attract lead particles to form lead sticks.

      For the battery motorized track trolley,the requirements for the track,the lead bridge between the positive and negative plates causes the battery to be short-circuited.If there is a gap in the surface of the plate or the sealed molded case, the lead sulfate crystals will accumulate in these gaps and cause expansion tension,which eventually causes the plate to break off or the outer casing to rupture,resulting in irreparable physical damage of the battery.Therefore,the main mechanism leading to failure and damage of lead-acid batteries is the vulcanization that the battery itself cannot avoid.